Active voice is sentences where its subject doing action. It is the "normal voice". This is the voice that we use most of the time. You are probably already familiar with the active voice. In the active voice, the object receives the action of the verb. Meanwhile, passive voice is sentences where the subject is subjected by object.
To change a sentence from active to passive voice there are several steps. First, move the object from the active voice into subject slot. Second, add a form of the auxiliary verb to the main verb and change the main verb form to verb 3. The last, place the subject from active voice to object slot by adding preposition "by".
To change a sentence from passive to active voice there are several steps. First, move the subject from the passive voice into object slot. Second, remove the auxiliary verb from the main verb and change main verb's form if needed. The last, place the object from passive voice to subjec slot and delete the preposition "by".
Pattern of active and passive voice in every tenses:
1. Simple Present Tense
In simple present tense, “to be” that used are: is, am, and are.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : The Monkey eats banana everyday.
· Passive : The Banana is eaten by the monkey everyday.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : This lemon is plucked by Ayu every two days.
· Active : Ayu plucks lemon every two days.
2. Present Continuous Tense
In simple present continuous tense, “to be” that used is (is, am or are) + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I am watching a movie now.
· Passive : A movie is being watched by me.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : Clothes are being washed by you now.
· Active : You are washing clothes now.
3. Present Perfect Tense
In simple present perfect tense, “to be” that used is: been. It is placed after has or have, so becomes has been or have been.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : He has read the letter.
· Passive : The letter has been read by him.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : English has been studied by her for 2 hours.
· Active : She has studied english for 2 hours.
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
In simple present perfect continuous tense, “to be” that used is (has/have) + been + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : He has been painting the house for 5 hours.
· Passive : The house has been being painted by him for 5 hours.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : You have been being waited by me for half an hour.
· Active : I have been waiting for you for half an hour.
5. Simple Past Tense
In simple past tense, “to be” that used are: was and were.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : Anita washed the dirty clothes last night.
· Passive : The dirty clothes were washed by Anita last night.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : TV was watched by me last night.
· Active : I watched TV last night.
6. Past Continuous Tense
In simple past continuous tense, “to be” verb that used is (was atau were) + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I was listening radio yesterday in the evening.
· Passive : Radio was being listened by me yesterday in the evening.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : The football match were being watched by them yesterday.
· Active : They were watching football match yesterday.
7. Past Perfect Tense
In simple past perfect tense, “to be” that used is: been. It is placed after had, so becomes had been.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : He had met them before I came.
· Passive : They had been met by him before I came.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : This plant had been watered by her for an hour when I got here.
· Active : She had watered this plant for an hour when I got here.
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
In simple past perfect continuous tense, “to be” that used is had been + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I had been repairing freezer when my friend came to my house.
· Passive : The Freezer had been being repaired by me when my friend came to my house.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : My car had been being driven by me whwn the cycle crossed the street.
· Active : I had been driving my car when the cycle crossed the street.
9. Simple Future Tense
In simple past perfect tense, “to be” that used is: be. It is placed after will, so becomes will be.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I will eat the bread later.
· Passive : The bread will be eaten by me later.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : I will be killed by Joe tomorrow.
· Active : Joe will kill me tomorrow.
10. Future Continuous Tense
In simple present future continuous tense, “to be” that used is will be + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : In the evening, I will be baking the birthday cake.
· Passive : In the evening, the birthday cake will be being baked by me.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : The comic will be being read by Anton in the afternoon.
· Active : Anton will be reading the comic in the afternoon.
11. Future Perfect Tense
In simple past perfect tense, “to be” that used is: been. It is placed after will have, so becomes will have been.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I will have known Monica for 30 years.
· Passive : Monica will have been known by me for 30 years.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : Cake will have been made by me at 7.00 tomorrow.
· Active : I will have made cake at 7.00 tomorrow.
12. Future Perfect Continuous tense
In simple present future perfect continuous tense, “to be” that used is will have been + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I will have been cleaning the house for an hour, before you come.
· Passive : The house will have been being cleaned by me for an hour, before you come.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : English will have been being studied by Sarah for an hour, before I come.
· Active : Sarah will have been studying english for an hour, before I come.
13. Past Future Tense
In past future tense, “to be” that used is: be. It is placed after would, so becomes would be.
Active to passive voice:
· Active : Rara would listen music.
· Passive : Music would be listened by Rara.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : A novel would be written by me.
· Active : I would write a novel.
14. Past Future Continuous Tense
In simple past future continuous tense, “to be” that used is would be + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I would be studying mathematic at 9.00 last night.
· Passive : Mathematic would be being studied by me at 9.00 last night.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : Pizza would be being eaten by me at 11.00 yesterday.
· Active : I would be eating pizza at 11.00 yesterday.
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
In simple past future perfect tense, “to be” that used is been. It is placed after would have, so becomes would have been.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I would have written an article at 7.00 yesterday.
· Passive : An article would have been written by me at 7.00 ysterday.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : The ball would have been played by Anton at afternoon two days ago.
· Active : Anton would have played the ball at afternoon two days ago.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
In simple past future perfect continuous tense, “to be” that used is would have been + being.
Example:
Active to passive voice:
· Active : I would have been reading newspaper for an hour.
· Passive : Newspaper would have been being read by me for an hour.
Passive to active voice:
· Passive : The Facebook would have been being opened by Dani for 3 hours.
· Active : Dani would have been opening facebook for 3 hours.
In conclusion, active voice is the voice that we use most of the time. The passive voice is less usual than the active voice but sometimes we need the passive voice. We can conclude that passive voice has form: Subject + Auxiliary verb + Verb 3 + by + Object.
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